Get your patient on Fleqsuvy - Baclofen suspension (Baclofen)

FLEQSUVY is a concentrated formulation. Verify the strength and the dose of the product prior to prescribing, dispensing, and administering.

Initiate FLEQSUVY with a low dosage, preferably in divided doses, administered orally. The following gradually increasing dosage regimen is suggested, but should be adjusted based on clinical response and tolerability:

1 mL (5 mg) three times a day for three days
2 mL (10 mg) three times a day for three days
3 mL (15 mg) three times a day for three days
4 mL (20 mg) three times a day for three days

Additional increases may be necessary up to the maximum recommended dosage of 80 mg daily [4 mL (20 mg) four times a day].

Shake well FLEQSUVY oral suspension before administration. Discard unused portion 2 months after first opening.

A calibrated measuring device is recommended to measure and deliver the prescribed dose accurately. A household teaspoon or tablespoon is not an adequate measuring device.

Nasogastric Tube Administration

FLEQSUVY can be administered via a nasogastric (NG) tube at sizes 8 French or larger
using the following steps:

1. Ensure the NG feeding tube is flushed with appropriate amount of purified water (15 to 30 mL) prior to administration of FLEQSUVY.
2. Draw the required dose of FLEQSUVY in the appropriate oral or enteral syringe and administer the dose via the feeding tube. The medication may remain in the dosing syringe for up to 4 hours prior to administration.
3. If residual drug remains in the dosing syringe, draw up purified water into the syringe, shake gently, and administer through the feeding tube.
4. Flush the feeding tube with at least 25 mL of purified water.

When discontinuing FLEQSUVY, reduce the dosage slowly and avoid abrupt withdrawn from the drug to help minimize the risk of adverse reactions [see Warnings and Precautions (5.1 )] .

Safety and effectiveness in pediatric patients below the age of 12 have not been established.

In general, dose selection for an elderly patient should be cautious, usually starting at the low end of the dosing range, reflecting the greater frequency of decreased hepatic, renal, or cardiac function, and of concomitant disease or other drug therapy. This drug is known to be substantially excreted by the kidney, and the risk of adverse reactions to this drug may be greater in patients with impaired renal function. Because elderly patients are more likely to have decreased renal function, care should be taken in dose selection, and it may be useful to monitor renal function [see Use in Specific Populations (8.6 )] .

Because baclofen is primarily excreted unchanged through the kidneys, FLEQSUVY should be given with caution to patients with renal impairment, and it may be necessary to reduce the dosage.

Abrupt discontinuation of baclofen, regardless of the cause, has resulted in adverse reactions that include hallucinations, seizures, high fever, altered mental status, exaggerated rebound spasticity, and muscle rigidity, that in rare cases has advanced to rhabdomyolysis, multiple organ-system failure, and death. Therefore, reduce the dosage slowly when FLEQSUVY is discontinued, unless the clinical situation justifies a rapid withdrawal.

Withdrawal symptoms in neonates whose mothers were treated with oral baclofen throughout pregnancy have been reported starting hours to days after delivery. The symptoms of withdrawal in these infants have included increased muscle tone, tremor, jitteriness, and seizure. If the potential benefit justifies the potential risk to the fetus and FLEQSUVY is continued during pregnancy, gradually reduce the dosage and discontinue FLEQSUVY before delivery. If slow withdrawal is not feasible, advise the parents or caregivers of the exposed neonate of the potential for neonatal withdrawal.

Drowsiness and sedation have been reported in up to 63% of patients taking baclofen, the active ingredient in FLEQSUVY [see Adverse Reactions (6.1 )] . Patients should avoid operation of automobiles or other dangerous machinery and activities made hazardous by decreased alertness when starting FLEQSUVY or increasing the dose until they know how the drug affects them.

Advise patients that the central nervous system depressant effects of FLEQSUVY may be additive to those of alcohol and other CNS depressants.

FLEQSUVY should be used with caution in patients who have had a stroke. Baclofen has not significantly benefited patients with stroke. These patients have also shown poor tolerability to the drug.

FLEQSUVY should be used with caution in patients suffering from psychotic disorders, schizophrenia, or confusional states. If treated with FLEQSUVY, these patients should be kept under careful surveillance because exacerbations of these conditions have been observed with oral baclofen administration.

FLEQSUVY should be used with caution in patients with a history of autonomic dysreflexia. The presence of nociceptive stimuli or abrupt withdrawal of FLEQSUVY may cause an autonomic dysreflexic episode.

FLEQSUVY should be used with caution in patients with epilepsy. Deterioration in seizure control has been reported in patients taking baclofen.

FLEQSUVY should be used with caution in patients where spasticity is utilized to sustain upright posture and balance in locomotion or whenever spasticity is utilized to obtain increased function.

A dose-related increase in incidence of ovarian cysts was observed in female rats treated chronically with oral baclofen. Ovarian cysts have been found by palpation in about 4% of the multiple sclerosis patients who were treated with oral baclofen for up to one year. In most cases, these cysts disappeared spontaneously while patients continued to receive the drug. Ovarian cysts are estimated to occur spontaneously in approximately 1% to 5% of the normal female population.

Because clinical trials are conducted under widely varying conditions, adverse reaction rates observed in the clinical trials of a drug cannot be directly compared to rates in the clinical trials of another drug and may not reflect the rates observed in practice.

The most common adverse reaction is transient drowsiness. In one controlled study of 175 patients, transient drowsiness was observed in 63% of those receiving baclofen compared to 36% of those in the placebo group. Other common adverse reactions (up to 15%) are dizziness and weakness. Adverse reactions with a frequency of ≥1% are listed in Table 1 .

The following adverse reactions not included in Table 1, classified by body system, were also reported:

Neuropsychiatric: euphoria, excitement, depression, hallucinations, paresthesia, muscle pain, tinnitus, slurred speech, coordination disorder, tremor, rigidity, dystonia, ataxia, blurred vision, nystagmus, strabismus, miosis, mydriasis, diplopia, dysarthria, epileptic seizure

Cardiovascular: dyspnea, palpitation, chest pain, syncope

Gastrointestinal: dry mouth, anorexia, taste disorder, abdominal pain, vomiting, diarrhea, and positive test for occult blood in stool

Genitourinary: enuresis, urinary retention, dysuria, impotence, inability to ejaculate, nocturia, hematuria

Other: rash, pruritus, ankle edema, excessive perspiration, weight gain, nasal congestion

The following laboratory tests have been found to be abnormal in patients receiving baclofen: increased SGOT, elevated alkaline phosphatase, and elevation of blood sugar.

FLEQSUVY can cause CNS depression, including drowsiness and sedation, which may be additive when used concomitantly with other CNS depressants or alcohol [see Warnings and Precautions (5.3 )] .

The precise mechanism of action of baclofen is not fully understood. Baclofen inhibits both monosynaptic and polysynaptic reflexes at the spinal level, possibly by decreasing excitatory neurotransmitter release from afferent terminals, although actions at supraspinal sites may also occur and contribute to its clinical effect. Baclofen is a structural analog of the inhibitory neurotransmitter gamma- aminobutyric acid (GABA) and may exert its effects by stimulation of the GABA _B receptor subtype.

Baclofen has been shown to have general CNS depressant properties, as indicated by the production of sedation with tolerance, somnolence, ataxia, and respiratory and cardiovascular depression [see Warnings and Precautions (5.3 ), Adverse Reactions (6.1 ), and Overdosage (10.1 )] .

A pharmacokinetic study in heathy adult male and female subjects under fasting conditions at 20 mg dose level demonstrated similar bioavailability for baclofen oral suspension and oral tablets.

Absorption

The peak plasma concentrations of baclofen were achieved in about 1 hour from administration of FLEQSUVY oral suspension in the fasted state, and the apparent elimination half-life is about 5.6 hours.

Effect of Food

Administration of FLEQSUVY with a high-fat meal resulted in 9% decrease in AUC and 33% decrease in C _max compared to the fasted state.

Elimination

Baclofen is excreted primarily by the kidney in unchanged form, and there is relatively large intersubject variation in absorption and/or elimination.

Carcinogenesis

No increase in tumors was seen in rats receiving baclofen orally for two years at approximately 30 to 60 times on a mg/kg basis, or 10 to 20 times on a mg/m ² basis, the maximum oral dose recommended for human use.

Mutagenesis

Genetic toxicology assays have not been conducted for baclofen.

Impairment of Fertility

Studies to evaluate the effects of baclofen on fertility have not been conducted.

FLEQSUVY (baclofen oral suspension) contains 25 mg per 5 mL (5 mg/mL) baclofen. It is a concentrated orange to yellow-colored, grape-flavored suspension and is supplied in high-density polyethylene (HDPE) bottles with white, polypropylene, child-resistant closures with a foam liner and heat induction layered inner seal.

120 mL, NDC 52652-6001-1

300 mL, NDC 52652-6001-2

Store at 20°C to 25°C (68°F to 77°F); excursions permitted between 15° and 30° (59° and 86° F) (see USP Controlled Room Temperature).

Discard unused portion 2 months after first opening.